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("Planetary Boundaries" OR "Planetära Gränser") 100+ documents
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What does (planetary Boundaries Or Planetära Gränser) mean? Let's check what the community at Wikipedia thinks
På svenska: Planetens gränser är ett ramverk för hållbar utveckling utformat av en forskargrupp med ledning av Johan Rockström vid Stockholm Resilience Centre. Forskargruppen menar att det finns nio olika miljöproblem som vart och ett har ett eget gränsvärde. Om detta gränsvärde överskrids kan det leda till oöverskådliga miljöeffekter på grund av tröskeleffekter som uppstår. Forskningens resultat har presenterats i tidskriften Nature den 24 september 2009. Den mest överskridna planetära gränsen är biologisk mångfald, då arter utrotas i onaturligt hög hastighet, som följd av mänsklig aktivitet. Vi lever idag i det sjätte massutdöendet, föregånget av utrotningen av dinosaurierna för cirka 60 miljoner år sedan. Skillnaden är att det massutdöende vi ser idag är orsakat av mänsklig aktivitet snarare än en naturkatastrof. Global uppvärmning hamnar på tredje plats av våra planetära överskridna gränser men får trots det störst uppmärksamhet av de planetära gränserna. Lär dig mer på Wikipedia
In English: Planetary boundaries are a framework to describe limits to the impacts of human activities on the Earth system. Beyond these limits, the environment may not be able to self-regulate anymore. This would mean the Earth system would leave the period of stability of the Holocene, in which human society developed. Crossing a planetary boundary comes at the risk of abrupt environmental change. The framework is based on scientific evidence that human actions, especially those of industrialized societies since the Industrial Revolution, have become the main driver of global environmental change. According to the framework, "transgressing one or more planetary boundaries may be deleterious or even catastrophic due to the risk of crossing thresholds that will trigger non-linear, abrupt environmental change within continental-scale to planetary-scale systems."The normative component of the framework is that human societies have been able to thrive under the comparatively stable climatic and ecological conditions of the Holocene. To the extent that these Earth system process boundaries have not been crossed, they mark the "safe zone" for human societies on the planet. The concept has since become influential in the international community (e.g. United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development), including governments at all levels, international organizations, civil society and the scientific community. The framework consists of nine global change processes. In 2009, according to Rockström and others, two boundaries were already crossed, while others were in imminent danger of being crossed.In 2015, several of the scientists in the original group published an update, bringing in new co-authors and new model-based analysis. According to this update, four of the boundaries were crossed: climate change, loss of biosphere integrity, land-system change, altered biogeochemical cycles (phosphorus and nitrogen). The scientists also changed the name of the boundary "Loss of biodiversity" to "Change in biosphere integrity" to emphasize that not only the number of species but also the functioning of the biosphere as a whole is important for Earth system stability. Similarly, the "Chemical pollution" boundary was renamed to "Introduction of novel entities", widening the scope to consider different kinds of human-generated materials that disrupt Earth system processes. In 2022, based on available literature, the introduction of novel entities was concluded to be the 5th transgressed planetary boundary. Learn more at Wikipedia
