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På svenska: Homeros (grekiska: Ὅμηρος [hómɛːros]: Hómēros) är enligt traditionen författare till de klassiska eposen Iliaden och Odysséen. Diktverken skrevs omkring 800 f.Kr. Frågan om Homeros var en verklig historisk person eller ej och huruvida han ensam skrev de båda verken, "den homeriska frågan", är dock mycket omdiskuterad. För tillfället anser dock de flesta (men långt ifrån alla) forskare att han funnits. De båda epos som tillskrivs Homeros är de äldsta grekiska verk som finns bevarade till vår tid, och de inleder följaktligen den grekiska antikens litteratur. Iliaden och Odysséen är de delar som finns kvar av vad som brukar kallas den trojanska cykeln i vilken de båda utgör andra respektive sjunde delarna. Det anses att Iliaden är det äldre av verken och att Odysséen författades några årtionden senare. De beskriver händelser under och kring det trojanska kriget. Iliaden utspelas under själva kriget och Odysséen under en av de grekiska hjältarnas, Odysseus, hemfärd från kriget. De är omfångsrika diktverk: Iliaden omfattar cirka 16 000 verser och Odysséen cirka 12 000, författade på versmåttet daktylisk hexameter. De homeriska eposen hade ett mycket stort inflytande på antikens grekiska kultur. Asteroiden 5700 Homerus är uppkallad efter honom. Lär dig mer på Wikipedia
In English: Homer (; Ancient Greek: Ὅμηρος [hómɛːros], Hómēros; born c. 8th century BC) was a Greek poet who is credited as the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, two epic poems that are foundational works of ancient Greek literature. Homer is considered one of the most revered and influential authors in history.Homer's Iliad centers on a quarrel between King Agamemnon and the warrior Achilles during the last year of the Trojan War. The Odyssey chronicles the ten-year journey of Odysseus, king of Ithaca, back to his home after the fall of Troy. The poems are in Homeric Greek, also known as Epic Greek, a literary language which shows a mixture of features of the Ionic and Aeolic dialects from different centuries; the predominant influence is Eastern Ionic. Most researchers believe that the poems were originally transmitted orally. Despite being predominantly known for its tragic and serious themes, the Homeric poems also contains instances of comedy and laughter.Homer's epic poems shaped aspects of ancient Greek culture and education, fostering ideals of heroism, glory, and honor. To Plato, Homer was simply the one who "has taught Greece" (τὴν Ἑλλάδα πεπαίδευκεν, tēn Helláda pepaídeuken). In Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy, Virgil refers to Homer as "Poet sovereign", king of all poets; in the preface to his translation of the Iliad, Alexander Pope acknowledges that Homer has always been considered the "greatest of poets". From antiquity to the present day, Homeric epics have inspired many famous works of literature, music, art, and film.The question of by whom, when, where and under what circumstances the Iliad and Odyssey were composed continues to be debated. Scholars remain divided as to whether the two works are the product of a single author. It is thought that the poems were composed at some point around the late eighth or early seventh century BC. Many accounts of Homer's life circulated in classical antiquity; the most widespread account was that he was a blind bard from Ionia, a region of central coastal Anatolia in present-day Turkey. Modern scholars consider these accounts legendary. Learn more at Wikipedia
